定语从句
一、定语从句与引导词
定语从句是在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做选行词，
而引导定语从句的词叫引导词，有关系代词和关系副词两类。
懂得什么样的先行词后用什么样的引导词是学好定语从句的关键。
1． 关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,在定语从句中作主语、宾语中表语，whose
作定语。代人的有：who,whom,whose,that；代物的有：that,which,whose.例如：
The man who helped you is Mr White.(who代人，在定语从句中作主语)
That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.(whom,who,that代人，在定
语从句中作宾语，可省略)
I´m not the fool(that) you thought me to be.(that代人，在定从中作表语)
A dictionary is a useful book which(＝that) tells us the meaning of words(which
或that代物，在定从中作主语)
2． 关系副词有：when(指时间)，where(指地点),why(指原因)，在定语从句中作状语。
例如：Would you suggest a time(when) we can have a talk?(when可省略)
The house where they live is not very large./This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.
注意：不是表时间的先行词都用when引导定从，不是表地点的先行词都用where引导定从。例如：We´ll visit the factory which(＝that) makes radios.
(which或that在定从中作主语，where不可用主语，故不可用)
They still remember the happy days(which/that) they spent in Beidaihe.
(which或that在定从中作spent的宾语，when不可作宾语，故不可用)
二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开，修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代
词；非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开，可以修饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句子。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。非限制性定语从句例：Li Ping´s father, who works in a factory, is an engineer./He tore up my photo, which made me very angry.(which指代主句内容，因前后两句是因果关系，此时which不可换为as。)
He is good at physics, as is known to us all.＝As is known to us all, he is good at physics.(as指代主句内容，在as is known/believed, as we all know/believe这类结构中as不可换为which)
三、只用that引导和不用that引导的场合
1． 只用that引导和不用that引导的场合
1） 当先行词既包括人又包括物时：He talked about the men and the books that attracted
him.
2） 指物的先行词被any, every, only, very, all, no等修饰时：These are the very points that interest me./That´s the only watch that I like most.
3） 指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时：The first step that we are to take is very difficult./This is the second card that he gave me.
4） 先行词是指物的不定代词all,little,few,much,及everything,anything,nothing等时：There is still much that can be done about it./Have you got everything that you need?
5） 先行词是who时：Who that have seen him does not like him?
2． 不用that的场合如下：
1）非限制性定语从句中 Last night ,I saw a very good film,which was about the Long
March .
2）介词放在关系代词之前时 This is the man from whom I learnt the news
3）句中出现了that，或先行词是that时 I have found that which I was looking for.
四、“介词＋关系代词”用法
1． 介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配，例如：Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands?(shake hands with…是习惯性搭配)
2． 介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的搭配），例如：He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.(through which 即through the telescope)
3． 当关系代词作“动词＋介词”固定短语的宾语时，此时因定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前。例如：This is the watch which you´re looking for./He is a kind of man whom you can safely depend on.
五、几个名词后的引导词
1.situation后常用where,in which引导定语从句：Can you imagine a situation where/in
which you can use the word?
2.way(方式，方法)后常用in which或that或how引导定语从句，也可省略：Do you know the way(in which/that/how) he worked out the problem?
3.“the same＋名词”，“such＋名词”，“as＋名词”后通常用as引导定语从句。
例如：I have the same dictionary as you(have)./Such a book as you bought is not worth buying.
定语从句考点分析
1． The best work ______ Luxun wrote and ______ I have read has been made into a film.
A.which;that B.that;× C.×;that D.×;×
析：如果两个定语从句并列，关系代词作宾语时前一句的可以省略，但后一句的不可省略，故应选C。
2． It was in 1969 ______ two Americans got to the moon by space ship.
It was 1969 ______ two Amerians got to the moon by space ship.
A.when B.which C.that D.×
析：第一句是强调时间in 1969,强调结构是“It was＋强调部分＋that句”，故应选C。第二句It是表时间的，先行词1969在从句中作状语，故选A。
3． Is this the house ______ Shakespeare was born?
A.at which B.which C.in which D.at where
析：观察题目，空白处只有填in which或where才能表达“这是莎士比亚出生的房子吗？”这一意思，故答案为C。
4． Is this house ______ Shakespeare was born?
A.where B.which C.in which D.at which
析：将此句变为陈述句；This house is ______ Shakespeare was born.显然is后是一表语从句，只有选where(＝the place where)才能表达“这是莎士比亚的出生地”这一意思，故答案为A。
5． In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for
help.
A.to whom B.of whom C.from whom D.that
析：“介词＋关系代词”要考虑短语搭配或与先行搭配，这道题短语turn to有关，故
应选A。
6． The two things ______ they felt very proud were Jim´s gold watch and Della´s
hair.
A．about which B.of which C.in which D.for which
析：涉及be/feel proud of短语，故答案为B。
7． Have you ever asked him the reason ______ may explain his being late.
A.why B.that C.for which D.what
析：此题易误选A、C，因为先行词是the reason,但细观察分析，定语从句缺少主语，所以答案是B。注意what不能引导定语从句。
8． Farming is difficult ______ there is no rain.
A.where B.in place C.that D.the place where
析：因为difficult是形容词，故其后不是定语从句。这儿的空白处应填引导状语从句where(＝in the place where),全句表达“在没有雨水的地方耕种困难”。这一意思，可见答案为A。
9． We need the same machine ______ in your factory.
A.which is being used B.as is being used
C.that is being used D.as it is being used
析：根据“the same＋先行词”后跟as引导定语从句的原则，可知答案为B。
10．______ the people,not things ______ are most important.
A.There are;who B.Those are;that C.It is;that D.It was;who
析：仔细观察分析题目，可知只有C构成强调句才有成立。当我们要检验视其为强调
句的判断是否正确时，只要将“It is (或was)…that”这三个词去掉，剩下部分读
起来正确无误，则证明判断是正确的，反之是错误的。此题如不填“It is…that”
三词，句子是The people,not things are most important.语义完整正确，说明选
C是对的。
名词从句、定语从句专练
1.______ surprised me most was the news ______ our team won.
A.That;that B.What;which C.What;that D.That;which
2.This is the only book ______ I want to read.
A.which B.that C.what D.as
3.The reason ______ I am so late is ______ the bus.
A. that;I didn´t catch B.×;that I missed
C.why;because I have missed D.×;because my not catching
4.The problem ______ has been completely settled.
A.which you thought B.that you thought
C.about which you thought it D.that you thought about
5.Is this the tape－recorder you wish ______?
A.to have it repaired B.to repair it
C.to have repaired D.repairing
6.The electric toy ______ last month has gone out of order.
A.I bought it for him B.which I bought to him
C.I bought for him D.that I bought to him
7.His head soon appeared out of one of the second storey windows,______ he oculd see nothing but tress.
A.frm which B.from where C.where D.from there
8.Every minute ______ full use of to study our lessons will do our students good.
A.which makes B.that is made C.that made D.what is made
9.Will it be two months ______ we can get another one?
A.that B.when C.before D.in which
10.After graduation we should go ______ our Party needs us most.
A.to the place which B.in which C.that D.where
11.There is a popular belief among parents ______ schools are no louger interested
in handwriting.
A.who B.whose C.that D.which
12.He lent me a lot of maney,______ I couldn’t buy the TV set.
A.with it B.for which C.without which D.by which
13.Water power stations are bulit ______ big water falls.
A.which are B.which has C.where there have D.where there are
14.The direction ______ a force acts can be changed.
A.how B.which C.towards D.×
15.Was it yesterday ______ you received the letter from her?
A.when B.which C.on which D.that
16.In the end she decided to sell the house ______ windows were almost broken.
A.which B.that C.of which D.whose
17.That ______ you lent me wasn’t _____ I wanted.
A.that;all B.which;all C.that;what D.which;that
18.Each time ______ they met,they would talk long hours together.
A.during B.which C.where D.×
19.This is the third week ______ for the rubbish.
A.that they didn’t come B.they aren’t coming
C.they haven’t come D.when they haven’t come
20.On the desk ______ a Chinese brush ______ he had made drawing.
A.lay;with which B.lies;by which C.laid;in which D.lay;on which
21.We´ll never forget the days ______ we spent on the seashore.
A.during which B.in which C.when D.×
22.The beautiful church ______ we see there is very famous.
A.the tower which B.of whose tower C.the tower of which D.of which tower
23.The 11th Asian Games, ______ China won 183 gold medals,was held in the autumn
of 1990.
A.which B.that C.at which D.at that
24.The only thing ______ is wrong with this is ______ a friend of mine said to me
the other day.
A.which;what B.what;that C.that;what D.that;which
25.Who is he man ______ is talking with John?
A.which B.who C.what D.that
26.The farmer uses wood to build a house ______ to store grains.
A.with which B.to where C.which D.in which
27.I really don´t know ______ I had my pocket picked.
A.where was it that B.it was where that
C.where it was that D.was it where that
28.He insisted that he ______ right in doing that.
A.should be B.was C.would be D.is
29.——Have you heard from Mary recently?
——Yes,she said she was thinking ______ she should do next.
A.that B.of what C.what D.how
30.Can you guess ______?
A.who that man is B.who is that man
C.what is that man D.whom that man is
31.Tom told his aunt that he ______ what he was doing during the time when he was
in the country.
A.had just asked B.had just been asked C.was just asked D.just asked
32.The reason ______ she gave for not being present was ______ the heavy snow
prevented her coming.
A.×;because B.why;because C.×;that D.why;whether
33.Air is to us ______ water is to fish.
A.what B.that C.which D.is that
34.The free ticket will be sent to ______ comes first.
A.whoever B.whomever C.whosever D.no matter who
35.______ is still unknown when the president will make a public speech.
A.It B.That C.He D.What
36.I don´t know ______ is ______ I was born.
A.that;when B.that;what C.that;where D.what;where
37.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ______ he or she wants.
A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever
38.Father made a promise ______ I passed the examination he would buy me a bicycle.
A.that B.if C.whether D.that if
39.As many nembers ______ were present agreed to the plan.
A.who B.that C.which D.as
40.______ can be seen from his face,he is quite satisfied.
A.That B.It C.Which D.As
名词从句、定语从句专练答案
1－5 C B B D C 6－10 C B B C D 11－15 C C D D D
16－20 D B D C A 21－25 D C C C D 26－30 D C B B A
31－35 B C A A A 36－40 C B D D D