语法系列复习专题二-----代词
代词的分类
1.人称代词：有主格、宾格、所有格（含形容词性和名词性两种所有格）
2.反身代词:myself ,yourself ,himself ,herself ,itself ,ourselves ,yourselves
themselves
3.指示代词:this ,that ,these ,those
4.疑问代词:who ,whom ,what ,which
5.相互代词:each other ,one another
6.不定代词:some ,any ,all ,both ,none ,one, each ,either ,neither ,other ,another,
something ,anything ,nothing ,anyone ,anybody , someone ,somebody ,nobody
7.关系代词(用于定语从句):who ,whom ,whose，that ,which ,as
代词用法注意点
1.名词性所有格代词可作主语、宾语、表语，可用于双重所有格。例如：
This isn't my book. It's his. Mine is in the bag. /Is she a friend of yours ?/Do
you think this bag of mine beautiful ?/She lost some pencils of hers.
2.反身代词可用于某些固定搭配。例如：
①(all)by oneself 自己单干，独立干：
The boy usually finishes his homework by himself.
②of oneself 自动地，自行地：
Mary will correct her mistakes in the exercises of herself.
③for oneself 替/为自己：You have to choose for yourself.
3.指示代词this/these一般用来指时间和空间上较近的人或物；that/those 常指时间和
空间上较远的人或物。
进行比较时，that可代替不可数名词或单数名词以避免重复；those 可代替复数名词以
免重复。例如：
The water of the well is cleaner than that of the river./The Christmas cards are
much better than those you bought yesterday.
4.相互代词each other ,one another.前者通常指两者之间的“相互”，后者侧重三者或三
者以上的“相互”，也可指两者之间的“相互”。
5.不定代词
①some多用于肯定句；any多用于否定句，疑问句或条件句中。另外some可用于表示请求、
提议或者希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，修饰可数名词，表示“任何、无论哪一个”
例如：
If you have any ink ,please give me some.
Edison became quite expert at it and could find work in any town he went to.
②all 与none
all表示“三者或三者以上全部”，可以修饰可数、不可数名词。none用于表示对三个或
三个以上的人或物的否定，意思是“没有什么人，没有什么东西”，可作主语和宾语。none
of…后的谓语可以是单数或复数形式。none可以简略回答以How many或How much开头
的疑问句。
例如：
None of them have/has failed.
—— How many books are there on the desk ? —— None.
注意：no one (＝nobody)不同于none ,作主语时只能跟单数谓语，不可跟of短语连用，
回答以who开头的问句，不能回答How many/much …开头的问句。
例如：
—— Who is in the room ? —— no one(＝Nobody).
——Is there any oil in the glass ? —— None.
③other ,another ,the other ,others ,the others
other表示“没有范围的，其他的”，与名词复数连用。如：other books/boys/…
another泛指很多中的“另一个”，可作代词或形容词用，代替或修饰单数可数名词。
如：
I don't like this hat ,please show me another.
the other可作代词或形容词用，指已知的事物或人中的“另一个”，或另一方中的“全
部其他的”。
如：
I have two sisters.One is a student and the other is a worker./I can see only
two teachers in the office.Where are the other teachers ?
others泛指其他的人或物；the others特指其余的人或物。others常和some对比使用。
例如：
Thirty students in our class are boys ,the others are girls.
Some are carrying water ,others are watering the trees.
④one作为不定代词，泛指“任何人”（包括说话人在内），还可用来代替上文出现过的可
数名词（指人或物），并有复数形式ones。
例如：
I have bought a new bike.My old one doesn't work./One must do one's duty.
注意：one ,that都可代替前面出现过的单数名词，但这样用时，one可被前置或后置
定语修饰,that只能被后置定语修饰。
例如：
This book is the one that is needed by him.
My seat is next to that of our teacher.
代词考点分析
1.—— When shall we meet again ?
—— Make it _____ day you like;it's all the same to me.(96年高考题)
A．one B．any C．some D．another
析： 此题答案为B。若选A，one day意“过去/将来的某一天”；若选C,some day意“有朝一日”、“将来某一天”、“迟早”；若选D，another day意“改日”、“又/另一天”；选B，any day意“随便哪一天”、“无论哪一天”，显然它适合此题。
2.I'm reading a new book these days ,_____ in English.
A.it B.that C.one D.which
析： 排除A选项it的原因是因为it前或后都不可放定语；若选B项that,则因其不能替代同一事物，也可排除；至于D项which，因其是定语从句引导词，在此明显不合用。只有C项one一方面它可有前置或后置定语，另一方面它可以替代前面出现的名词a book,故是正确答案。
3.There were two boys who called and I gave an apple to _____.
A.every B.all C.either D.each
析： 由题干内容可知有两个孩子在叫喊，故all（指三者或三者以上）不可选；every表“两者中任意的一个”，在此不符合情景之需要。只有D,each(两者中的每一个)填入空白才合题干内容。
4.We don't know _____ of the visitors here;we only know some.
A.everyone B.every one C.anybody D.each one
析： 因为everyone ,everybody ,anybody等不定代词一般不带限定语（此处不能与of短语连用），故A、C选项可排除。若选D项，因not…each结构表全否定，与下句“we only know some”不合，故不能成立。只有选B时，not…every表半否定，与下句意相合。
5.Young people may grow quickly in some ways and more slowly in _____.
(上海题)
A.the other B.some other C.others D.those other
析： 根据in some ways（在某些方面），可知空白处要选表达复数意义的词，据此可排除A、B；又因为没有those other这样的词语，故可排除D。根据some常与others相呼应使用规律，可定C为正确答案。
6.The question is too difficult and we found _____.
A.it not easy to answer it B.it was not easy for us to answer it
C.it's not easy to answer D.it not easy to answer
析： 根据时态一致规律，we found后不可跟C选项；要表达“那个问题不容易答。”这一意思时，应说The question is not easy to answer.要表达“我们发现那个问题不容易答。”这一意思时，应说We found the question (was)not easy to answer.据此可排除A、B选项；只有D才是唯一正确选项。
7.The hairdresser now cuts _____ men's and women's hair.
A.any B.each C.both D.either
析： 根据题干men's and women's hair ,可知应选与两者有关的代词，于是立即可排除A。由于each 和either不可直接修饰复数名词或复数名词所有格（应说each of …,either of…）,故又可排除B、D选项。只有both才能与其后的and构成both…and…结构。故正确答案是C。
8.——Shall I sit at this end of the boat or the other end ?
——If you keep still ,you can sit at _____end. (NMET)
A.neither B.each C.either D.any
析： 一条船只有两头，any是指三者或三者以上，在此不合用。neither是“两者都不”，填入空白处意思不对；each意“两者或三者，三者以上每个人都…”，若填入此题空白，不合语境，因为一个人不能同时坐船的两头。只有选either(两者之一)才合此题情景。
9.——Have you finished your report yet ?
——No ,I'll finish in _____ ten minutes. (NMET)
A.less B.more C.other D.another
析： less后可直接跟形容词、副词、名词，象ten minutes这样的“数词＋名词”短语则不可直接放于less之后，只能放于less than之后，因此A项可排除。“再过/再用十分钟”可以说in ten more minutes ,ten minutes more ,another ten minutes ,据此可排除B项。至于other一词，因它不能表达“再、又”意，故也可排除。因此D为正确答案。
10.Canada is larger than _____ country in Asia. (NMET)
A.any B.any other C.other D.another
析： 此题是加拿大与亚洲国家相比，无需other或another ,else这类词，故B、C、D应排除。因为any（任何）后可跟单数名词或复数名词，填入空白意思也合语境，所以A是正确答案。
代词专练
1.—— Which of the two dictionaries will you borrow ?
—— I'll borrow _____ ,for the different uses.
A.all B.both C.either D.neither
2._____ of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret.
A.Each B.Any C.No one D.None
3.We couldn't eat in a restaurant because _____ of us had _____ money on us.
A.all ;no B.any ;no C.none ;any D.no one ;any
4.They were all very tired ,but _____ of them would stop to take a rest.
A.neither B.none C.some D.any
5.There is a No.2 trolleybus and a No.24 bus ;_____ will take you there.
A.both B.either C.all D.any
6.As we were asleep ,_____ of us heard the sound.
A.both B.none C.either D.any
7.—— Which of the five may I use ?
—— Oh ,____.
A.any one B.anyone C.anything D.nothing
8.——Are the two answers correct ?
——No ,_____ correct.
A.no one is B.both are not C.neither is D.either is not
9.I asked him for some oil ,but he hadn't _____.
A.any B.some C.no D.anything
10.You have three English dictionaries ,but I have only two _____.
A.ones B.不填 C.the one D.the ones
11.I have a colour TV set.I want to sell ____.
A.one B.the one C.that D.it
12.This film is not so good as _____ we saw last week.
A.that B.it C.the one D.one
13._____ of us must go there and help him out.
A.One or other B.One by one
C.One or the other D.One or another
14.We all felt _____ to be the highest praise.
A.it B.that C.that one D.the one
15.Haven't you read _____ English storices ?Please tell us an interesting one.
A.any B.all C.either D.some
16.—— Would you like _____ dumplings ?
—— No,thanks.
A.some B.another C.any D.all
17.If there is _____ chance ,I will try another.
A.one B.any C.some D.all
18.—— Are _____ here to take the college entrance exam ?
—— Yes ,we _____.
A.all you ;are all B.you all ;all are
C.all of you ;are all D.you of all ;all are
19.Mr Green gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _____ who had already
taken them.
A.one B.the ones C.some D.the others
20.—— Have you ever seen a snake alive ?
—— Yes ,I've seen _____.
A.that B.so C.one D.it
21.—— Lily ,do you have an umbrella ?It is raining outside.
—— Yes ,but it's _____.
A.small one B.small umbrella C.only a small one D.that one
22.Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work hard ,but _____ didn't help.
A.this B.which C.any D.it
23.—— Have you got _____ red ink ?
—— Sorry ,I haven't got _____.
A.some ;some B.any ;many C.some ;any D.any ;some
24.I prefer a street in a small town to _____ in such a large city as Shanghai.
A.that B.it C.this D.one
25.Sarad has read a lot of stories by American writers.Now she would like to
read _____ stories by writers from _____ countries.
A.some ;any B.other ;some C.some ;other D.other ;other
26.—— Is _____ here ?
—— No ,Bob and Tim have asked for leave.
A.anybody B.somebody C.everybody D.nobody
27.Our headmaster advised us that in order to succeed in life ,one has to be
honest with _____ friends.
A.their B.her C.one's D.our
28.I borrowed some books _____ myself ,but when I was going to read them ,the
lamp went out _____ itself and I had to sit in the dark _____ myself.
A.不填;for;by B.by;for;of C.for;of;by D.of;不填；by
29.When I first saw the old farmer ,I could hardly imagine _____ invented the
machine to pick cotton.
A.himself B.he himself C.he for himself D.he by himself
30.It is impossible for all the people to get the job ,because _____ of them
are not fit for it.
A.all of B.none of C.each of D.every one of
代词专练答案
1－5 B D C B B 6－10 B A C A B
11－15 D C A B D 16－20 A B B B C
21－25 C D C D C 26－30 C C C B A